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Tawaf is one of the Islamic rituals of pilgrimage. During the Hajj and Umrah, muslims are to circumambulate the Ka'bah (the holiest building in Mecca) seven times, in a counter-clockwise direction. This symbolises the seven times that Muhammad circled the Kaaba hundreds of years ago. The circling is believed to demonstrate the unity of the believers in the worship of the One God, as they move in harmony together around their central shrine, each reciting an individual verse of the Qur'an.